I was talking to a parts "guy" the other day that was trying to explain to me that most synthetic oils are not 100% synthetic. Not to open a can of worms, but what's the truth here?
Part of the problem is that there is no hard and fast rule about what can be called synthetic and what can't. If you define fully synthetic as a product that contains only Group IV base stock, there will be a lot of so-called synthetics that would have to be renamed semi-synthetic. In fact, Amsoil took Castrol to court over that issue a few years back because the Syntec stuff had more Group III highly refined mineral oil than it did Group IV PAO non-mineral "synthetic" oil. The court sided with Castrol, and as a result we don't have an enforceable definition of a "true" synthetic motor oil.
My personal definition, not enforceable by anyone, is that a full synthetic contains only Group IV base stock, and a semi-synthetic contains a mixture of Group III and Group IV. Since the Group III oils are very highly refined/modified mineral oils, they have many performance characteristics that are fairly similar to the true synthetics. However, they cost less. If the end product is priced below a true synthetic and labeled as a semi-synthetic, there is no harm and no foul IMHO. Where the rub comes is when the product is advertised as synthetic and priced the same as the full synthetics, but doesn't perform quite as well.
Here is a short description of the various API Group classifications for oil base stocks:
Group 1 - Conventional - Mineral oil derived from crude oil
Group 2 - Hydroprocessed - Highly refined mineral oil
Group 3 – Severe hydroprocessed - Ultra refined mineral oil
Group 4 – Full synthetics (chemically derived) - Chemically built Polyalphaolefins (PAO).
Groups 1 – 3 basestocks are derived from crude oil pumped from the ground whereas Group 4 basestocks are chemically derived, most often from ethylene gas, and contain none of the contaminants present in mineral oils.
In my opinion, stick with Amsoil or Mobil 1.
Jerry