With leaded fuel, reading the plugs was a lot more reliable way of tuning than it is with the fuel we burn these days. I still prefer tuning with 4 gas but obviously there are tons of bikes out there that run butter smooth that have been tuned with readings from an O2 sensor. Neither 4 gas nor AFR (O2 sensors) are worth a damn if they are not being used properly or in the hands of the guy who knows how to use the equipment. Also that mans willingness to spend the time required to do things right. A guy may have a warmth of knowledge on tuning it but if he's in a hurry or bad mood or for whatever reason if he is not applying the knowledge and cutting corners or skipping certain things that help make the engine happy, it's not going to do as good as it could have. The details in tuning techniques and procedures are what makes the final map loaded into the bike stand out as a real well mannered and great running bike and should be something the owner notices each time he rides how good the bike runs, starts, warms up, accelerates, throttle responds, how hot or cool it runs, how well it starts hot, warm or cold etc. That goes without saying, obviously, all the components of the build need to be working in harmony with one another. The best tune in the world can't make a bike run as good as it could if the parts or even one part is not right for the engine being tuned.