Being that these are air cooled engines, or nowadays heads with water cooling assistance, the majority of cooling is dependent on air moving across the fins to dissipate heat. The lowers are actually designed to direct air onto the engine to really help push the air away. They do make the rider and passenger hotter though, so folks either remove them, or modify them. Since there is little to no air movement when sitting in traffic idling, the engines naturally get hot. The fans are designed to move the air in key spots on the head to reduce overheating. Since installing the Wards fans, my bike has not gone into heat mode, even sitting in Las Vegas traffic. I do like the other mods to cool the oil, like the fan assisted oil cooler, or the one mounted under the frame. These devices all help, but the real answer to cooling these larger engines is complete liquid cooling, like a GoldWing where the temps can be better controlled.