To add to the whole performance, exhaust/efi/ac/cam discussion:
Since the EFI computes the exact amount of fuel required for a specific engine RPM and load on the engine, changes to the exhaust system, air filter, camshaft(s) or other engine components, will need to alter the fuel map.
As you modify your engine, the amount of air that can enter each cylinder is changed. This increase in air into the cylinders (Volumetric Efficiency) is the reason to add more fuel. If fuel map changes were not made, you would end up with a lean running engine(HOT). There are 3 basic ways to alter HD EFI fuel maps.
(1) Piggy Back computers
Power Commander
Generally used with:
Intake upgrades, exhaust upgrades, Cam changes, Internal engine upgrades
The PowerCommander is able to change the factory AFR by altering sensor signals to the OEM ECU. This relatively simple strategy allows a great deal of flexibility when it comes to creating better fuel maps for modified engines. These packages allow you to compensate for a wide variety of engine components.
The OEM fuel map is never changed. All the PowerCommander does is "fool" the factory ECU into altering the amount of fuel the engine gets. Creating custom fuel maps requires a personal computer, and a certain amount of knowledge of EFI and PowerCommander software.
(2)Pulse Extender
SE Race Fueler
TFI by Techlusion
Used commonly with:
Intake upgrades, exhaust upgrades Cam changes, minor internal engine upgrades
The TFI can be best described as a pulse extender. It allows the fuel injectors to stay open longer, thus providing more fuel to the engine. The TFI does not require a personal computer or any special equipment to tune the engine. All you need is a screwdriver to adjust 4 variable resistors. Anyone who is familiar with tuning carburetors will feel comfortable tuning the TFI.
The simplicity of the TFI is also a disadvantage. Its ability to alter the fuel curve is limited to richening the OEM fuel curve
(3) Engine Management Software (EMS) packages
SE Race Tuner
Used with:
All street or race engines with any level of modifications
Engine Management Software allows you to modify all operating parameters in the ECU. In most modern EFI systems, the ECU controls the fuel and the ignition. The ability to alter fuel curves, ignition curves, rev limiters and other engine parameters is the ultimate for fine tuning a performance engine.
These packages tend to be expensive and very complex. In many cases the EMS packages may have some "canned" engine combinations predefined to help the user. But like the Chip Upgrades, these canned engine combinations assume that your components match their list of parts.
Despite these issue, Engine Management Software is the best way to upgrade an existing OEM ECU. Devices like the PowerCommander and TFI will never be able to give the required control over the EFI and Ignition systems.
More info at
www.nightrider.com/biketech